The respiratory system contains which of the following structures?

The respiratory system is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases—taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The correct choice comprehensively lists the essential structures involved in this process.

The oropharynx and nasopharynx are parts of the upper airway that facilitate the passage of air from the nose and mouth to the larynx. The larynx, or voice box, is crucial in protecting the airways during swallowing and is also involved in phonation. The trachea serves as the main airway that conducts air into the lungs. Once in the lungs, air travels through the bronchi and further into the bronchioles, ultimately reaching the alveoli, which are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.

Together, these components work cohesively to ensure that oxygen is delivered to the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed, which is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body. The inclusion of all these structures in the correct answer reflects a comprehensive understanding of the respiratory system's anatomy and functionality.